오픈AI가 초지능 기계 시대의 경제적 변화에 대처하기 위해 공적 부펀드, 로봇 세금, 임금 유지 주 4일제 근무 등 일련의 정책 제안을 발표했습니다. 세금 부담을 노동에서 자본으로 전환하고 모든 시민이 AI 기업의 수익을 공유할 수 있도록 하는 등 전통적인 좌파적 복지 정책과 자본주의 시장 경제를 융합한 것이 특징입니다. 이는 AI 발전으로 인한 일자리 대체와 부의 집중에 대한 사회적 우려가 커지는 가운데, 향후 AI 정책 방향을 제시하는 중요한 청사진입니다.
번역된 본문
각국 정부가 초지능 기계의 경제적 파급 효과를 관리하는 방안을 고군분투하는 가운데, 오픈AI가 '지능 시대(Intelligence Age)'에 부(wealth)와 일(work)이 어떻게 재편될 수 있는지 보여주는 일련의 정책 제안을 발표했습니다. 이 아이디어들은 공적 부 펀드(Public wealth funds)와 확장된 사회 안전망 같은 전통적인 진보적(좌파적) 메커니즘을 근본적인 자본주의적, 시장 주도적 경제 프레임워크와 혼합한 형태입니다.
오픈AI의 제안은 본질적으로 위시리스트(wish list)이자 바람직한 미래의 청사진으로, 인공지능이 노동과 경제를 변화시키는 시대에 8,520억 달러(약 113조 원) 규모의 기업이 세계가 어떻게 변화할 것으로 보는지 선출직 공무원, 투자자, 대중이 이해할 수 있도록 돕는 공식적인 선언입니다. 이 제안들은 일자리 감소, 부의 집중, 전국적인 데이터 센터 건설에 대한 우려로 AI에 대한 불안감이 심화되는 상황에서 나왔습니다. 또한 트럼프 행정부가 국가 AI 프레임워크를 향해 나아가고 중간선거를 앞둔 시점에 발표된 것은 초당적인 입지를 다지려는 시도로 보입니다.
이러한 노력은 보다 직접적인 정치적 추진력과 함께 이루어지고 있습니다. 도널드 트럼프 대통령에게 수백만 달러를 기부한 오픈AI의 그렉 브록먼(Greg Brockman) 회장과 다른 억만장자들이 완화적인 AI 정책을 지지하는 수퍼 PAC(Super PAC)에 수억 달러를 쏟아붓고 있습니다.
오픈AI가 제안한 프레임워크는 세 가지 명시된 목표를 중심으로 전개됩니다. AI가 촉진하는 번영을 더 광범위하게 분배하고, 체계적인 위험을 줄이기 위한 안전장치를 구축하며, 경제력과 기회가 너무 집중되지 않도록 AI 역량에 대한 광범위한 접근성을 보장하는 것입니다.
오픈AI는 세금 부담을 노동에서 자본으로 전환할 것을 제안했습니다. 트럼프 대통령의 첫 임기 기간 동안 법인세율을 35%에서 21%로 낮춘 것에 대해, 회사는 구체적인 세율을 명시하지는 않았습니다. 그러나 오픈AI는 AI 주도의 성장이 기업 이익이 확대되고 노동 소득에 대한 의존도가 줄어들면서 사회보장제도(Social Security), 의료 보조 프로그램(Medicaid), 식품 지원 프로그램(SNAP) 및 주택 지원을 지원하는 세원을 잠식할 수 있다고 경고했습니다.
오픈AI는 보고서에서 "AI가 일과 생산을 재편함에 따라 경제 활동의 구성이 변화할 수 있습니다. 기업 이익과 자본 이득(capital gains)은 확장되는 반면 노동 소득과 급여 세금에 대한 의존도는 잠재적으로 감소할 수 있다"고 밝혔습니다. 기업 소득, AI 주도 수익, 또는 최상위 자본 이득에 대한 더 높은 세금을 제안했습니다. 이러한 정책 범주는 조 바이든 행정부가 2024년 미실현 자본 이득에 세금을 부과하겠다고 발표한 후 마크 안드리센(Marc Andreessen)이 트럼프를 지지하게 만든 원인이기도 합니다.
오픈AI는 또한 마이크로소프트 창립자 빌 게이츠가 2017년에 제안했던 '로봇 세금(robot tax)'의 가능성을 검토하고 있습니다. 이는 로봇이 대체한 인간과 동일한 금액의 세금을 시스템에 납부하도록 하는 아이디어입니다.
(참고: 원문의 테크크런치 Disrupt 2026 컨퍼런스 홍보 문구는 제외하고 번역했습니다.)
오픈AI는 또한 시장에 투자하지 않은 미국인들도 AI 기업 및 AI 인프라에 자동적인 지분(Public stake)을 갖고 수익을 시민에게 직접 분배할 수 있는 '공적 부 펀드(Public Wealth Fund)'를 만들 것을 제안했습니다. 이는 시장은 부풀려도 자신은 그 혜택을 보지 못했다고 느끼는 미국인들에게 매력적으로 보일 수 있습니다.
오픈AI의 여러 제안은 노동에 더 초점을 맞추고 있으며, 그중에는 급여 손실 없이 주 4일제 근무를 보조하는 제안도 포함되어 있습니다. 이는 기술 산업이 AI가 인간의 일상을 편안하게 만들 것이라고 약속한 것과 일치하는 방향입니다.
As governments grapple with how to manage the economic fallout of superintelligent machines, OpenAI has released a set of policy proposals outlining the ways wealth and work could be reshaped in an “intelligence age.” The ideas blend traditionally left-leaning mechanisms like public wealth funds and expanded social safety nets with a fundamentally capitalist, market-driven economic framework. OpenAI's proposals are essentially a wish list, a public declaration that helps elected officials, investors, and the public understand how the $852 billion company sees the world shifting in an age where artificial intelligence transforms labor and the economy. The proposals were released amid intensifying anxiety around AI , which has been colored by concerns over job displacement , wealth concentration, and data center buildouts across the country. They've also arrived as the Trump administration moves toward a national AI framework and in the run-up to the midterm elections, signaling an attempt at bipartisan positioning. That effort sits alongside a more direct political push: OpenAI President Greg Brockman — who has donated millions to President Donald Trump — and other tech billionaires have funneled hundreds of millions into super PACs supporting light-touch AI policies. OpenAI’s proposed framework centers on three stated goals: distributing AI-driven prosperity more broadly, building safeguards to reduce systemic risks, and ensuring widespread access to AI capabilities so that economic power and opportunity don’t become too concentrated. OpenAI has proposed shifting the tax burden from labor to capital. The company stops short of specifying a corporate tax rate — which Trump dropped to 21% from 35% during his first term. But OpenAI warns that AI-driven growth could hollow out the tax base that funds Social Security, Medicaid, SNAP, and housing assistance as corporate profits expand and reliance on labor income shrinks. “As AI reshapes work and production, the composition of economic activity may shift—expanding corporate profits and capital gains while potentially reducing reliance on labor income and payroll taxes,” OpenAI wrote. The company suggests higher taxes on corporate income, AI-driven returns, or capital gains at the top — a category of policy that pushed Marc Andreessen to back Trump after Biden proposed taxing unrealized capital gains in 2024. OpenAI also floats a potential robot tax, something Microsoft founder Bill Gates proposed in 2017 , which involved the robot paying the same amount of taxes into the system as the human it replaced. Techcrunch event This Week Only: Up to $482 savings for Disrupt 2026 Offer ends April 10, 11:59 p.m. PT Your next round. Your next hire. Your next breakout opportunity. Find it at TechCrunch Disrupt 2026, where 10,000+ founders, investors, and tech leaders gather for three days of 250+ tactical sessions, powerful introductions, and market-defining innovation. Register now to secure these savings. This Week Only: Up to $482 savings for Disrupt 2026 Offer ends April 10, 11:59 p.m. PT Your next round. Your next hire. Your next breakout opportunity. Find it at TechCrunch Disrupt 2026, where 10,000+ founders, investors, and tech leaders gather for three days of 250+ tactical sessions, powerful introductions, and market-defining innovation. Register now to secure these savings. San Francisco, CA | October 13-15, 2026 REGISTER NOW The document also includes a proposal to create a Public Wealth Fund to give Americans an automatic public stake in AI companies and AI infrastructure, even if they’re not invested in the market. Any returns would be distributed directly to citizens. The prospect may appeal to Americans who have watched AI inflate the market without seeing any of those gains themselves. Several of OpenAI’s proposals were also more labor-focused, including one to subsidize a four-day work week with no loss in pay — a proposal that aligns with the tech industry’s promises that AI will give humans better work-life balance. OpenAI also suggests that companies boost retirement matches or contributions, cover a larger share of healthcare costs, and subsidize child or eldercare. Notably, OpenAI frames these as corporate responsibilities rather than government ones, leaving out the people AI is most likely to displace. If automation eliminates your job, your employer-subsidized healthcare and retirement match may go with it. That said, OpenAI does separately propose portable benefit accounts that follow workers across jobs, but these still likely depend on employer or platform contributions and stop short of the government-backed universal coverage that would actually protect people AI displaces entirely. OpenAI acknowledges that the risks of AI go beyond job loss, including misuse by governments or bad actors and the possibility of systems operating beyond human control. To mitigate those threats, it proposes containment plans for dangerous AI, new oversight bodies, and targeted safeguards against high-risk uses like cyberattacks and biological threats. But with the safety nets and guardrails come the growth proposals, including expanding electricity infrastructure to support AI’s power demands and accelerating AI infrastructure buildouts by offering subsidies, tax credits, or equity stakes. OpenAI says AI should be treated like a utility, and to that end, suggests industry and government work together to ensure AI remains affordable and widely available, rather than controlled by just a few firms. OpenAI’s framework comes six months after rival Anthropic released its policy blueprint, which laid out a range of possible responses to AI-driven disruption. “We are entering a new phase of economic and social organization that will fundamentally reshape work, knowledge, and production,” OpenAI wrote. This, the company says, requires a “new industrial policy agenda that ensures superintelligence benefits everyone.” OpenAI was founded as a nonprofit premised on AI benefiting all of humanity. It became a for-profit company last year, a shift that has led critics to question whether its stated mission is compatible with its need to grow and fulfill its fiduciary duty to shareholders. The company cited previous ages of economic upheaval like the Industrial Age, pointing to how new economic and financial movements like the New Deal ensured “growth translated into broader opportunity and greater security” by “building new public institutions, protections, and expectations about what a fair economy should provide, including labor protections, safety standards, social safety nets, and expanded access to education.” “The transition to superintelligence will require an even more ambitious form of industrial policy, one that reflects the ability of democratic societies to act collectively, at scale, to shape their economic future so that superintelligence benefits everyone,” OpenAI wrote. Topics AGI , AI , AI policy , Government & Policy , OpenAI Rebecca Bellan Senior Reporter Rebecca Bellan is a senior reporter at TechCrunch where she covers the business, policy, and emerging trends shaping artificial intelligence. Her work has also appeared in Forbes, Bloomberg, The Atlantic, The Daily Beast, and other publications. You can contact or verify outreach from Rebecca by emailing rebecca.bellan@techcrunch.com or via encrypted message at rebeccabellan.491 on Signal. View Bio April 30 San Francisco, CA StrictlyVC kicks off the year in SF. Get in the room for unfiltered fireside chats with industry leaders, insider VC insights, and high-value connections that actually move the needle. Tickets are limited. REGISTER NOW Most Popular In Japan, the robot isn't coming for your job; it's filling the one nobody wants Kate Park Embattled startup Delve has ‘parted ways’ with Y Combinator Anthony Ha Anthropic says Claude Code subscribers will need to pay extra for OpenClaw usage Anthony Ha Anthropic took down thousands of GitHub repos tryin