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마이클 버리: "스페이스X도 앤스로픽도 1조 달러 가치 없다"

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핵심 요약

영화 '빅쇼트'의 실제 주인공으로 유명한 투자자 마이클 버리가 일론 머스크의 스페이스X와 AI 스타트업 앤스로픽(Anthropic)의 천문학적 기업가치에 강한 의구심을 제기했습니다. 그는 스페이스X의 공개 자료(S-1)를 근거로 1~2조 달러의 가치가 나오지 않는다고 지적했으며, 앤스로픽에 대해서도 AI 개발에 드는 막대한 컴퓨팅 비용이 장기적으로는 상품화될 것이기 때문에 1조 달러의 가치를 인정받기 어려울 것이라고 경고했습니다.

번역된 본문

영화 '빅쇼트'의 실제 투자자 마이클 버리는 스페이스X(SpaceX)와 앤스로픽(Anthropic)의 터무니없이 높은 기업가치에 대해 큰 의심을 품고 있다고 밝혔다.

최근 그의 서브스택(Substack)에서 진행된 구독자 대화방에서 버리는 일론 머스크의 로켓 및 위성, AI 기업(스페이스X)과 인기 AI 모델 클로드(Claude)의 개발사(앤스로픽)의 가치에 대해 의문을 제기했다. 버리는 토요일에 시작한 구독자 채팅방에서 스페이스X 주식에 대해 "어떤 상승세라도 그것은 시장의 과대광선과 기술적 요인에 의한 것일 뿐"이라고 말했다. 그는 "S-1(증권신고서)의 어떤 내용도 이 회사가 1조 달러, 더 나아가 2조 달러의 가치가 있다고 결코 제시하지 않는다"고 덧붙였다.

스페이스X는 5월 20일 S-1이라 불리는 기업공개(IPO) 투자설명서를 제출했는데, 작년에 187억 달러의 매출을 올렸으나 49억 달러의 순손실을 기록한 것으로 나타났다. 상장 시 이 회사는 약 2조 달러의 기업가치를 목표로 하는 것으로 널리 알려져 있다.

앤스로픽은 지난 목요일 965억 달러의 기업가치로 자금을 유치했다고 발표했으며, 이는 향후 상장 시 더 높은 가치를 매길 수 있는 길을 열어준다. 이 소식에 대해 버리는 구독자 채팅방에서 이 AI 스타트업이 과연 그 정도의 가격표를 받을 자격이 될지 회의적이라고 밝혔다. 그는 "앤스로픽이 장기적으로 1조 달러에 근접한 가치를 가질 것이라는 강력한 가능성은커녕 어떠한 보장도 없다"고 적었다.

버리는 최첨단 AI 모델을 개발하는 앤스로픽의 비즈니스가 "너무 비용이 많이 들고 지나치게 무식한 힘(brute force)을 필요로 한다"고 덧붙이며, 시간이 지나면 컴퓨팅 파워는 "인터넷 사용처럼 대중화되고 상품화될 것"이라고 예상했다. 그는 "지금 일어나고 있는 일은 거짓 수요 신호(false demand signal)"라고 썼으며, 최근 '토큰맥싱(tokenmaxxing)' 트렌드가 오래가지 못할 것이라는 자신의 경고를 되풀이했다. AI 모델을 구동하기 위해 컴퓨팅 파워를 확보하려는 광적인 쟁탈전은 "향후 몇 년 내로 필요 이상의 인프라 구축과 주문을 유발할 것"이라고 그는 덧붙였다.

버리는 앤스로픽에 1조 달러를 지불하기 전에 직접 숫자를 1조까지 세어볼 것이며, "24만 년이 지나고 나서야 다시 고려해볼 수 있을 것"이라고 재치 있게 말했다.

스페이스X와 앤스로픽은 비즈니스 인사이더(Business Insider)의 코멘트 요청에 즉각적으로 응답하지 않았다.

버리는 2000년대 중반 주택 버블에 대항한 그의 선구적인 베팅이 책과 영화 '빅쇼트'로 소개되면서 일약 유명해졌다. 시장의 붕괴와 경기 침체에 대한 엄중한 예측으로 알려진 그는 작년 말 헤지펀드 운영에서 벗어나 자신의 개인 투자에 대해 서브스택에서 글을 쓰는 것으로 방향을 전환했다.

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Finance 'Big Short' investor Michael Burry says neither SpaceX nor Anthropic is worth $1 trillion By Theron Mohamed You're currently following this author! Want to unfollow? Unsubscribe via the link in your email. Follow 2026-06-01T12:14:49.350Z Read in app Share Copy link Email Facebook WhatsApp X LinkedIn Bluesky Threads lighning bolt icon An icon in the shape of a lightning bolt. Impact Link Save Saved Loading audio narration... Michael Burry says he has major doubts about SpaceX and Anthropic's lofty valuations. In recent discussion threads on his Substack, the investor of "The Big Short" fame questioned the worth of Elon Musk's rocket, satellite, and AI company, and the maker of popular AI model Claude . "Any move up will be on hype and technicals," Burry wrote about SpaceX stock in a subscriber chat he started on Saturday. "Nothing in that S-1 suggests it is worth $1 trillion let alone $2 trillion." SpaceX filed an IPO prospectus known as an S-1 on May 20, revealing that last year it made $18.7 billion in revenue and posted a net loss of $4.9 billion. It is widely reported to be targeting a valuation of roughly $2 trillion as a public company. Anthropic announced last Thursday that it had raised capital at a $965 billion valuation , paving the way for a public listing at an even higher valuation. Reacting to the news, Burry said in a subscriber chat that he's skeptical the AI startup will ever warrant that price tag. "There is no guarantee, and not even a strong likelihood, that Anthropic is long-term worth anywhere near $1 trillion," he wrote. Explore BI Games Take a smarter break in your day - and see how far you get. Play now Burry added that Anthropic's business of developing cutting-edge AI models is "far too expensive, too much brute force," as over time, he expects computing power "will be commoditized, like internet use." "What is happening now is a false demand signal," he wrote, echoing his recent warning that the "tokenmaxxing" trend won't last. The frantic rush to secure computing power to run AI models is "driving buildout and orders that will be too much for what is needed a few years down the road," he added. Burry quipped that before paying $1 trillion for Anthropic, he would count to 1 trillion, and "in 240,000 years I might reconsider." SpaceX and Anthropic didn't immediately respond to requests for comment from Business Insider. Burry shot to fame after his prescient bet against the mid-2000s housing bubble was chronicled in the book and movie "The Big Short." Known for issuing grave predictions about crashes and recessions, he pivoted from running a hedge fund to writing about his personal investments on Substack late last year. Read next Business Insider tells the innovative stories you want to know Business Insider tells the innovative stories you want to know Business Insider tells the innovative stories you want to know Business Insider tells the innovative stories you want to know Theron Mohamed You're currently following this author! Want to unfollow? Unsubscribe via the link in your email. Follow Theron Mohamed is a London-based correspondent on the Trending team at Business Insider. His coverage spans finance, investing, wealth, markets, and the economy. Theron joined BI in 2019 as a reporter at Markets Insider and rose to the rank of correspondent before moving to the Trending team in 2024. He previously covered tech, media, and telecom stocks for Investors Chronicle magazine and had a brief stint on the Financial Times' Data team. He interned at the Wall Street Journal in New York where he primarily wrote for Heard on the Street. Theron has freelanced for The Independent, The Telegraph, WIRED, and several smaller publications. He holds an undergraduate degree in geography from the London School of Economics, and a master's degree in journalism from Columbia University. Theron often covers Warren Buffett, Michael Burry, Jeremy Grantham and other top-flight investors. He also writes about the world's wealthiest people and shares financial advice from all manner of rich and successful people. Email Theron at tmohamed@businessinsider.com and follow him on X @theron_mohamed . 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