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404 Media • 14일 전

'우리가 당신들을 초대한 적 없다' 핵무기 AI 데이터센터에 시민 분노

IMP
6/10
핵심 요약

미시간대와 로스앨러모스국립연구소(LANL)가 미시간주 입실란티 타운십에 12억 달러 규모 초대형 데이터센터를 짓자는 계획에 주민들이 격렬히 반발하고 있습니다. 주민들은 전기요금, 물 사용량, 소음 문제와 함께 핵무기 연구에 기여할 수 있다는 점, 그리고 대학이 과정 내내 무시하고 거짓말해왔다고 비난했습니다. 타운홀 미팅에서 대학 측은 '과학 컴퓨팅 센터'라며 데이터센터라는 표현을 피했으나 주민들의 분노와 불신만 깊어졌습니다.

번역된 본문

미시간 대학교 대표단은 수요일 밤 입실란티 타운십 주민들로부터 날카로운 질문과 극심한 비난에 직면했다. 대학은 미국의 핵무기 과학자들이 있는 로스앨러모스국립연구소(LANL)와 손잡고 이 타운십에 초대형 데이터센터(hyperscale data center)를 짓기로 했고, 주민들은 격분한 상태다. 수요일 밤 대학은 주민들의 분노와 우려를 누그러뜨리기 위해 타운홀 미팅을 개최했다. 하지만 실패했다.

LANL과 미시간대는 입실란티 타운십에 12억 달러 규모의 220,000(평방피트) 초대형 데이터센터를 짓기를 원한다. 주민들은 미국 전역에서 데이터센터 건설을 검토 중인 다른 지역사회처럼 전기요금, 물 사용량, 소음을 우려하고 있다. 하지만 이 타운십의 시민과 지도자들은 이 특정 데이터센터가 핵무기 연구를 더 심화시킬 수 있다는 점도 걱정하고 있다. 또한 대학이整个过程 과정에서 그들을 무시하고, 거짓말하고, 외면해왔다고 말한다. 수요일 밤 타운홀 영상을 보면, 미시간대는 아무도 설득하지 못했고 오히려 주민들의 분노와 불신을 공개적으로 깊게 만들었다.

미시간대 교수 책임자 패트리샤 헌(Patricia Hurn)은 청중의 고함 속에서 준비된 성명을 낭독했다. "이 시설은 암 치료 개선, 전력망 강화, 신약 개발 가속화, 지속 가능한 컴퓨팅 등 다양한 목적으로 사용될 것입니다"라고 그녀는 야유 속에서 말했다. "우리 중 많은 이들이 암의 일반적 치료법을 찾는 데 관심이 있습니다"라고 헌이 말하자 군중은 비웃으며 조롱했다. 그녀는 계속했다. "그리고 많은 이들이 영아 사망률을 낮추기를 원합니다. 어떤 이들은 청정 에너지를 원합니다." "의료는 어때요?" 누군가 군중 속에서 외쳤다. "그 모든 것들은 — 일부분은 제 얘기를 듣고 계시니 계속 말씀드리겠습니다 — 그 답을 원하는 우리는 그것을 얻으려면 정말 강력하고 큰 컴퓨팅 능력이 필요하다는 것을 알고 있습니다"라고 그녀는 말했다.

프로젝트 수석 엔지니어 스티븐 체치오(Steven Ceccio)는 프로젝트를 둘러싼 실질적 우려 일부에 답하려 했다. "이 프로젝트는 상업용 데이터센터들보다 규모와 크기가 훨씬 작습니다"라고 그는 말하며, 제안된 LANL 데이터센터의 크기를 근처 살린 타운십의 '더 반(The Barn)' — 560억 달러 규모 1.4기가와트의 OpenAI 프로젝트 — 와 비교한 슬라이드를 보여줬다.

그날 밤 늦게, 앤디라는 남성이 체치오를 지적했다. 그는 전국 각지의 데이터센터에서 일해왔다고 했다. "살린에 지어질 더 반과 비교하면서 이것이 데이터센터의 20분의 1 크기라고 하는 건 편리한 선택이죠. 그건 예외적인 겁니다. 정상적인 크기의 데이터센터가 아닙니다. 당신들이 지으려는 데이터센터를 미국 평균 데이터센터와 비교하면, 당신들은 그 범주의 최상위에 있습니다"라고 앤디는 말했다. "저는 아름다운 데이터센터들을 가봤습니다. 정말 멋진 곳들이죠. 엄청난 돈을 쏟아부었어요. 하지만 여전히 시끄럽습니다. 여전히 배출가스가 있고 발전기가 있습니다"라고 앤디는 덧붙였다. "학교와 아파트 옆 주거 지역에는 있을 수 없는 시설입니다. 이런 시설을 가보면 한적한 외곽에 있는데, 그게 있어야 할 곳이기 때문입니다."

저녁 내내 대학 대표들은 이 프로젝트를 데이터센터라고 부르는 것을 피했다. "크기 외에 가장 큰 차이는 목적입니다. 이것은 정말 과학 컴퓨팅 센터이지 상업 활동이 아닙니다 — 로스앨러모스와 미시간대는 비영리 활동을 하고 있으며, 이를 통해 과학 연구개발을 진전시키고자 합니다"라고 체치오는 말했다.

로스앨러모스는 회의에 참석하지 않았다. "로스앨러모스가 그렇게 신경 쓴다면 왜 여기 없죠?" 제이미라는 여성이 타운홀에서 물었다. 연구소는 직접 참석하는 대신 회의에서 낭독할 서한을 보내 지역사회 우려에 답하고자 했다. 서한은 슈퍼컴퓨팅을 필수적인 도구라고 불렀다. "슈퍼컴퓨팅은 연구자들이 복잡한 시스템을 모델링, 분석, 테스트할 수 있게 하며, 우리 맨해튼 프로젝트 창립자들이 상상할 수 있었던 것보다 더 빠르고 정확하게 발견을 촉진합니다."

원문 보기
원문 보기 (영어)
Representatives from the University of Michigan faced tough questions and a lot of vitriol from the citizens of Ypsilanti Township Wednesday night. The University partnered with America’s nuclear weapons scientists at Los Alamos National Laboratories (LANL) to build a hyperscale data center in the Township and residents are pissed . On Wednesday night the University hosted a town hall meant to ameliorate people’s anger and concerns. It didn’t work. LANL and U of M want to build a $1.2 billion 220,000 hyperscale data center in Ypsilanti Township. The residents are worried about electricity costs, water usage, and noise like other communities across the country considering data centers. But citizens and leaders of the Township are also worried that this particular data center would further nuclear weapon research. They’ve also said the University has condescended to them during the entire process, lied, and ignored them. Judging by footage of the Wednesday night’s town hall , U of M didn’t win anyone over and openly deepened citizens’ anger and mistrust. U of M faculty director Patricia Hurn delivered a prepared statement while people in the audience shouted at her. “This facility is going to be used for many different purposes including improving cancer care, strengthening the power grid, accelerating drug discovery, and sustainable computing,” she said over jeers from the crowd. “Many of us are interested in finding the generalized cure for cancer,” Hurn said. The crowd laughed and mocked her. She pressed on. “And many of us want to drop infant mortality. Some of us want clean energy. “How about healthcare?” Someone shouted from the crowd. “All of those things are going to require — and some of you are listening to me so I’ll just keep talking to you — some of us want those answers and we know that to get them is going to take really strong and big abilities to do computing,” she said. Steven Ceccio, the project’s lead engineer, attempted to address some of the practical concerns surrounding the project. “The project is tremendously smaller in scope and size than these commercial data centers,” he said, pointing to a slide that compared the size of the proposed LANL data center to The Barn in nearby Saline Township , a massive $56 billion 1.4 gigawatt OpenAI project. Later in the night, a man named Andy called Ceccio out. He said he worked in data centers all around the country. “I think it’s convenient that this is 1/20th the size of a data center when you’re comparing it to The Barn that’s going over in Saline. That’s an aberration. That’s not a normal sized data center. When you compare the data center that you’re about to build to the average data center in the United States, you’re at the very top of that bracket,” Andy said. “I’ve been to beautiful data centers, absolutely gorgeous, they poured tons of money into them. But they’re still loud. And they still have emissions and they still have generators,” Andy added. “They don’t belong in residential areas next to schools and apartments. When you go to these facilities they’re in the middle of nowhere because that’s where they belong.” Throughout the evening, representatives from the University avoided calling the project a data center. “The biggest difference besides its size is its purpose. It’s really a scientific computing center, it’s not a commercial activity — Los Alamos and U of M are nonprofit activities and we’re using this to advance scientific research and development,” Ceccio said. Los Alamos did not attend the meeting. “If Los Alamos cared so much why aren’t they here?” A woman named Jamie asked at the town hall. The laboratory sent a letter to be read at the meeting in lieu of attending in person, meant to address community concerns. The letter called supercomputing an essential tool. “It allows researchers to model, analyze, and test complex systems, and it powers discovery faster and with more precision than our Manhattan project founders could have thought possible,” it said. LANL stressed that there would be no plutonium on site in Ypsialanti Michigan and that no weapons would be produced there. “Instead, the facility would use advanced computing to model complex systems, run sophisticated simulations, and analyze massive datasets,” the letter said. LANL pointed to its work modeling wildfire behavior, tracking diseases, and strengthening the power grid. But LANL also conceded that the data center would also be used as part of nuclear weapons research and development. “As part of Los Alamos’ national security mission, some computational research conducted using the facility could relate to nuclear modernization,” it said. This work uses modeling and simulation to help scientists assess the safety, security, and reliability of the nation’s existing nuclear stockpile without nuclear testing. It is computational research — not the manufacturing, sample, testing, or production of nuclear weapons.” In several public meetings of the Ypsilanti Township board, both residents and leaders have speculated that the Los Alamos data center might be a target in a drone strike . Douglas Winters, the attorney for Ypsilanti Township, even called the proposed site a high-value target. “It is important to emphasize that neither Los Alamos, the University of Michigan, nor any state or federal agency has classified it that way,” LANL’s letter said, adding that the Township board and city attorney had “created that terminology without basis.” “It’s kind of a silly thing to say that, somehow, I made up the term ‘high-value target,’” Winters told 404 Media. “Or, somehow, they don’t recognize that Los Alamos — the worldwide name associated with the atomic bomb [...] would not be considered a high-value target when they have $1.2 billion worth of computers that they describe as being the biggest, baddest, and fastest in the world.” Anger built as the town hall went on. Jennifer Burnside said she lives “roughly two miles from the proposed site.” She said she had worked at the University for 10 years and was shocked at how it was behaving. “There is an outside power that is coming into a community that does not play by the same rules. They’re not beholden to the community and do not have to answer for their actions,” she said. “It feels like we’re being taken advantage of. We don’t want this data center and we should not have it forced upon us.” “I live about two and a half miles from the proposed site in a fairly poor neighborhood. Most of us couldn’t afford to move out if we wanted to if this thing is as heinous as we think it will be,” a man named Corey said. “I think the thrust of your argument this evening has been: ‘You’ve heard that it’ll be really really really really bad. It’ll only be really bad.’ And that’s not good enough for us.” Corey added that the University had made themselves into cartoon-style mustache twirling villains. “There is no trust, we don’t believe you,” he said. “We don’t want Los Alamos here, they’re one of the biggest villains of the 20th century,” he said. “We want them far far away from us and everyone else.” “You guys know where you fucked up, right? You didn’t do this two years ago. Why didn’t you approach the community first?” A Township resident named Eric said. “You’re asking us to come aboard when the water’s already poisoned. No pun intended.” Ypsilanti Township resident and University of Michigan graduate Shalina Nicohl Rankin said that the University needed to show up with the board of regents next time. “This is our home. We said loudly and clearly that we do not want you here. We did not invite you,” she said. “I was taught leaders and best [a reference to the University’s motto ]. Leaders and best, but you crawl into bed with Los Alamos, one of the most despicable companies on the face of the Earth. Who is known for giving people cancer and developing nuclear bombs and you bring it into our backyard.” Fielding questions about nuclear weapons research, engineer