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AI 열광이 글로벌 의사결정을 파괴하고 있다

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핵심 요약

최근 글로벌 기업과 공공기관들이 AI 도입에 집착하며 이른바 'AI 정신병' 상태에 빠져 합리적인 의사결정을 하지 못하고 있다는 비판이 제기됐습니다. 실제로 많은 기업들이 막대한 비용을 투자하지만, 대부분의 프로젝트가 실패하고 있음에도 정치적 이해득실 때문에 이를 숨기고 과장되게 성공을 포장하고 있습니다.

번역된 본문

AI 열광이 글로벌 의사결정을 파괴하고 있다

2026년 7월 18일 게시

참고: 더 공식적인 형태로 누군가에게 공유할 필요가 있다면 생각하여, 이 글은 회사 블로그에 크로스 포스팅되었습니다. 링크는 여기에 있습니다.

"나는 현재 'AI 정신병(AI psychosis)'에 깊이 빠져 있는 회사들이 너무나 많아서, 그들과 이에 대해 합리적인 대화를 나누는 것조차 불가능하다고 굳게 믿습니다. 이 분들에 대해 특정 인물을 지목할 수는 없습니다. 내가 깊이 존경하는 개인적인 친구들도 포함되어 있기 때문입니다. 하지만 이 상황이 앞으로 어떻게 전개될지 매우 우려스럽습니다." – HashiCorp과 Ghostty로 유명한 Mitchell Hashimoto

지난 1년 동안, 저는 회사의 모든 영업을 총괄하고, 단 두 건을 제외한 모든 프로젝트의 기술적 부분을 이끌었습니다. 그리고 이 블로그를 운영하는 내내 전 세계 전문가들과 약 300회의 미팅을 가졌습니다. 틈새 서비스 산업의 현장 실무자부터 포춘 500대 기업의 경영진까지 다양했습니다. 덕분에 저는 사영 부문과 공공 부문을 막론하고 우리의 집단적 기관들이 숨 막힐 듯한 집단 정신병을 겪고 있는 것을 1열석에서 지켜볼 수 있었습니다.

이 에세이는 현재 벌어지고 있는 기이한 역학을 묘사하기 위한 시도입니다. 제 복지가 이러한 광기에 영합하는 것에 좌우되지 않는 희귀한 위치에 있기 때문이기도 하며, 이 모든 와중에 살아남으려 고군분투하는 사람들이 미친 것이 아니라는 사실을 위로하기 위함입니다.

현실은 이렇습니다. 책임자들은 아무런 계획이 없거나, 고개를 숙이고 버티는 것 외에는 다른 방도가 없다고 생각합니다. 은행도, 병원도, 정부 기관도 마찬가지입니다. 세계의 조직들은 입에 거품을 물고 흥분하는 사람들에게 장악되었고, 이로 인해 더 이성적인 사람들은 끊임없는 두려움과 좌절감이 뒤섞인 상태로 살아가고 있습니다.

I. AI 투자는 대체로 완전한 실패다

"에이전트 워크플로우(agentic workflows)를 위한 인터페이스를 제공하는 방향으로 피벗했다가, 우리가 에이전트를 위해 만든 제품을 실제로 사용한 사용자가 겨우 10명뿐이라는 사실을 발견하고, 다시 에이전트 워크플로우를 지원하는 쪽으로 피벗하는 부서에서 일하며 이 글을 읽고 있다면 정신이 번쩍 들 것입니다. 지금은 모든 회사가 에이전트와 관련된 무언가를 해야만 하고, 그 공간에서 할 수 있는 일은 고작 네 가지 정도뿐이라 경쟁이 엄청나게 치열하니까요." – 이 에세이의 편집자

기업들은 정말로 AI 도입을 통해 대규모 생산성 향상을 얻고 있을까요? 이런 어수선한 상황이 과연 말이 되는 걸까요?

이는 대답하기 쉬운 질문처럼 보이지만, 놀랍게도 직설적인 답변을 듣기란 매우 어렵습니다. 언론에 회사가 미쳐 날뛰고 있다고 말하는 경영진은 금방 자리에서 물러나게 될 것입니다. 솔직하게 말하는 직원은 순식간에 해고되거나, 구조조정 대상으로 '무작위'로 선별될 것입니다. 실제로 이 시장의 거의 모든 참여자(이사회, 경영진, 직원, 공급업체, 컨설턴트)는 AI 프로젝트의 성공률을 모호하게 만들고 왜곡하는 것이 자신들의 이익에 부합합니다.

많은 상장 기업들이 AI 생산성 향상에 대한 공시를 내고 있지만, 제가 확실히 아는 사실은 그 기업들이 단순히 마이크로소프트 '코파일럿(Copilot)' 라이선스만 구매한 뒤 승리를 선언하는 것 외에는 아무것도 하지 않았다는 것입니다.

하지만 우리는 이 프로젝트들이 제대로 진행되고 있는지 알아야 합니다. 기업 전략의 핵심 원칙으로서의 AI에 대한 전폭적인 집중이 합리적인 비율로 성공하고 있다면, 상대적인 위험과 보상에 대한 논의가 정당하게 이루어져야 합니다. 불행히도 우리는 어두운 시간선에 살고 있습니다. 우리 팀이 관찰한 모든 AI 프로젝트가 실패하고 있습니다.

단 하나도 성공하지 못했습니다. 우리는 1년 반 동안 0%의 성공률을 보았습니다. 이는 우리가 참여하도록 요청받은 프로젝트에서만 그런 것이 아니라, 완전히 무관한 업무를 하다가 우연히 관찰하게 된 프로젝트들에서도 마찬가지였습니다. 설령 AI 도구가 특정 업무를 가속화한다고 인정한다 하더라도, 현재 투자의 방식과 규모는 전혀 이치에 맞지 않습니다. 실패의 원인은 대개 AI 자체와 관련이 없는 경우가 많습니다. 오히려 소프트웨어 프로젝트를 효과적으로 실행하는 데 있어 기업들이 근본적으로 한계를 보이기 때문입니다. 제가 이전에 언급했듯, AI 프로젝트는 일반적인 프로젝트가 겪는 모든 실패 양상에 직면하게 되며, 여기에 더해...

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AI Mania Is Eviscerating Global Decision-Making Published on July 18, 2026 Note: This has been cross-posted to my company's blog, in case you think there is some use in sharing with someone in a format that looks more authoritative. Link here . I strongly believe there are entire companies right now under heavy AI psychosis and it’s impossible to have rational conversations with them about it. I can’t name any specific people because they include personal friends I deeply respect, but I worry about how this plays out. – Mitchell Hashimoto, of HashiCorp and Ghostty fame Over the past year, I’ve run point on all of our company’s sales, led the technical components of all but two of our engagements, and over the lifetime of this blog have had something like 300 catchups with professionals from around the world. This has ranged from people on the ground in niche service industries to executives at Fortune 500 companies 1 . Because of this, I've had a front-row view to our collective institutions across both the private and public sector undergoing breath-taking mass psychosis. This essay is an attempt to describe the bizarre dynamics that are currently at play, as I am in the rare position where my wellbeing is not contingent on paying lip service to madness, and to reassure the people trying to survive amidst all of this that they are not crazy. The reality is thus: the people in charge either have no plan, or see no path forwards other than keeping their heads down. Not at banks, not at hospitals, not in our government institutions. The world’s organisations have been captured by people in the throes of frothing excitement, and saner people who now live in a state of constant commingled fear and frustration. I. AI Investments Are Generally Total Failures Reading this while working for a division that pivoted to provide interfaces for agentic workflows, only to discover that only ten users had ever touched the products we made for agents, only to pivot again to support for agentic workflows, which has a lot of competition because every company has to do something agentic now and there's only like four things you can do in that space, is bracing. – An editor of this essay Are companies actually seeing massive productivity gains from their AI adoption? Does any of this sordid affair make sense ? This should be an easy question, but it is surprisingly hard to get a straight answer to it. Executives that tell the press that their company has gone insane will quickly find themselves removed from their positions. Employees who are honest will find themselves fired in short-order, or “randomly” selected for a round of layoffs. In fact, it is in the interests of almost every actor in the space – boards, executives, employees, vendors, consultants – to obfuscate and misrepresent the success rate of AI projects. Many publicly traded companies are putting out announcements about their AI productivity gains when I know for a fact that the businesses have done nothing other than purchase Copilot licenses and declare victory. Yet we need to know if these projects are panning out – if the total focus on AI as a core tenet of business strategy is succeeding at a reasonable rate, then a discussion about the relative risk and reward is warranted. Unfortunately, we live in a dark timeline. All of the AI projects we have observed as a team are failing. Every single one – we have seen 0% success in a year and a half, not only amongst projects we have been asked to participate in 2 , but even within projects that we have observed in passing while doing totally unrelated work. Even if you grant that AI tooling accelerates specific workloads, the method and scale of the current investments is senseless. Frequently the failure is not related to AI itself, but rather that companies are terminally bad at running software projects effectively, and as I have remarked previously , AI projects are subject to all the failure modes of normal projects plus you can get everything right and then still fail because of the method's novelty. Very few companies are so good at shipping software that they can afford the extra risk profile. Often enough, though, it’s an actual failure in what LLMs can accomplish. The most common version of this, being rolled out across businesses around the world, is the internally-facing chatbot, or for the more daring company, the customer-facing chatbot. The story is always the same. For the former, I’ve never seen substantial internal uptake from inside a business. Employees don’t use internal chatbots because companies tend to have low-quality documentation and an LLM is not psychic – it can only know things that have been written down and made accessible. For the latter customer-facing applications, I have rarely had a pleasant experience as a consumer, with perhaps the exception of live transcription during medical appointments – hardly something worth pivoting an entire organisation around. In both cases, project leaders are very careful to avoid tracking basic metrics, such as whether the tools are being used at all, or they track metrics that are easily gamed. For example, my last consumer interaction was attempting to get help from Mitsubishi following an automotive failure, where a very polite robot asked me to describe the problem and that I’d receive a call back as soon as someone was available. This was the single most competent implementation of such a project I’ve seen in the wild, in that the voice was natural sounding, responded quickly, was clearly “live” in production, and promised a swift resolution. That was six months ago, and I did not, in fact, get a call back. When Mitsubishi did not call me back, what happened? Did that request just go into the void, showing one less incident for the year? Does it appear that the phone bot resolved my query without the need for human intervention? All we know is that it didn’t show up as an error, or I’d have received a call. I’m sure it looks great in all sorts of ways except the one that matters, which is that I was planning to buy a car and decided not to buy another one of theirs. For this reason, our team has quickly learned while on an engagement not to ask anything about ongoing AI projects in any context – by the time that project has started, it is too late for the management team, and intervention is not possible until a crisis point is inevitably reached. There is no conceivable positive outcome. The failure rate is so high that even basic inquiry leaves us in an untenable position. Any coherent question about how it’s going, what the goal is, who is using it, constitutes an inadvertent attack on the chain of command responsible for the work because there are no good answers to anything . Even in rare cases where my interlocutor has stated that things are going well (usually while the project is still mid-flight and failure has not had a chance to manifest), it is generally obvious that they are doomed, but at least in these cases I can simply agree and then go home to scream into a pillow for six hours straight 3 . All of this is to say that I am very confident that almost every report at a company about “massive AI productivity gains” is untrue as a matter of brute fact. Even if some companies are seeing clear gains, this is the exception, not the norm. With that assumption in place, we can talk about the dynamics at play, and how it has become impossible for many organisations to stay focused on things that actually matter to their long-term (or even short-term) health. II. Heretics Will Be Shot It has become outright dangerous to even raise the possibility that AI might not be the solution to a problem, let alone be the sole focus of a company’s entire strategy. In every sufficiently large business we have observed (say, with 500+ employees), we have noted that continued advancement, and increasingly continued employment, has started to require repeated professions of belief in the tr