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버크셔의 3,974억 달러 현금 보유가 의미하는 것

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핵심 요약

버크셔 해서웨이가 사상 최대인 3,974억 달러의 현금을 보유하며 과열된 시장에 대비하고 있습니다. 주요 주식 지표들이 역사적 고점을 기록 중이며, 자동차 보험 등 핵심 사업의 수익성 악화도 현금 비중 확대의 주요 원인으로 분석됩니다.

번역된 본문

과열된 시장에 맞선 버크셔의 3,974억 달러 베팅 내부

버크셔 해서웨이가 투자 가능 포트폴리오의 59%에 달하는 3,974억 달러(약 537조 원) 규모의 현금 및 단기 국채를 보유해 사상 최대치를 기록했다고 최근 발표했습니다. 신임 CEO 그레그 아벨(Greg Abel) 체제에서도 14분기 연속 순주식 매도 행보가 이어지고 있는 가운데, 이 4천억 달러에 육박하는 현금이 시사하는 바는 무엇일까요?

워런 버핏의 말을 곧이곧대로 받아들인다면, 버크셔는 그저 좋은 거래를 기다리고 있는 것일 수 있습니다. 하지만 그가 공개적으로 시장의 조정이나 폭락을 예측한 적이 없다는 점을 고려하면, 우리는 그 이면의 의도를 읽어내야 합니다.

얼마나 높아야 너무 높은 것일까?

그러한 해석의 실마리 중 하나는 버핏의 이름을 딴 지표입니다. 전체 주식 시장의 시가총액을 미국 국내총생산(GDP)과 비교하는 '버핏 지표'가 약 232%라는 최고치를 기록했습니다. 역사적으로 볼 때 약 120%를 넘으면 시장이 과대 평가되었다는 신호로 간주됩니다.

버핏 지표에 회의적인 사람들은 비율에 포함되지 않은 해외 시장의 자금을 이러한 격차의 원인으로 지적합니다. 어느 정도 사실일 수 있습니다. 하지만 또 다른 지표도 경고 신호를 보내고 있습니다.

실러 P/E 비율(Shiller P/E) 또는 CAPE 비율이 1929년 이래 두 번째로 40%를 돌파했습니다. CAPE 비율(Cyclically Adjusted Price-to-Earnings ratio, 순환조정 주가수익비율)은 주가 지수(예: S&P 500)를 지난 10년간의 평균 인플레이션 조정 수익으로 나눈 값입니다. 의도적으로 긴 10년의 기간은 일시적인 고점과 저점의 영향을 완화하여 시장이 고평가되었는지 저평가되었는지 정확한 평가를 제공하기 위함입니다.

평균적으로 실러 P/E 비율은 약 17% 수준이며, 경기 침체기에는 10%까지 하락하거나 닷컴 버블의 절정기에는 44.19%까지 치솟았습니다. 최근에는 41.33%에 도달했습니다.

버크셔가 너무 보수적으로 대처하고 있는 것일까?

거시 경제의 기압계 역할을 하는 버핏 지표와 실러 P/E 비율 외에도, 버크셔 해서웨이의 핵심 사업에서 4천억 달러에 육박하는 현금 보유 이유를 찾아볼 수 있을까요?

여전히 강세를 보이고 있는 매그니피선트 7(Magnificent 7) 주식과 달리, 버크셔 해서웨이의 B주는 올해 들어 1.8% 하락했습니다. 버크셔는 역사적으로 기술주에 너무 많은 자본을 투자하는 것을 꺼려 왔으며, 기술주의 역사적 강세장 동안 그 대가를 치르고 있는 것일 수도 있습니다. 그렇다고 해서 버크셔가 완전히 방관자로 머물고 있는 것은 아닙니다.

버크셔는 여전히 애플(Apple)의 대규모 투자자로 남아 있으며, 알파벳(Alphabet)에 300억 달러를 투자해 인공지능에 대한 베팅을 심화하고 있습니다. 하지만 AI에 막대한 자본 지출이 이루어지고 있다는 점을 고려하면, 투자자들에게 이러한 투자 규모는 미미해 보일 수 있습니다.

버크셔의 주식 투자 외에도, 이 거대 기업은 자동차 보험사 가이코(Geico)를 포함한 보험 부문 등 핵심 사업에서 압박을 받고 있습니다. 보험 부문은 버크셔 해서웨이의 초석이라고 할 수 있습니다.

보험 부문은 버크셔 전체 수익의 28%와 세전 이익의 48%를 차지합니다. 또한 방대한 고객 보험료 풀은 무이자 대출처럼 작용하여 버크셔가 이를 주식 시장에 투자할 수 있게 해줍니다. 그러나 전국적인 보험 산업이 난관에 부딪혔습니다. 극단적인 날씨, 관세, 자동차 제조 방식의 변화로 인해 보험료가 인상되고 보험금 청구 비용이 증가하면서 수익이 감소했습니다.

사소한 접촉사고도 막대한 비용을 초래하는 시대

자동차 보험의 경우, 지난 몇 년간 보험금 청구액이 급증했습니다. 글로벌 데이터 및 분석 회사인 렉시스넥시스 리스크 솔루션스(LexisNexis Risk Solutions)에 따르면, "2020년 이후 신체 상해 보험금은 20% 증가했으며, 모든 물적 손해 보장에 대한 청구액은 47% 증가했습니다." 현대 자동차는 수리 비용이 갈수록 비싸지고 있습니다. 값비싼 카메라와 센서가 사고 시 파손되기 쉬운 취약한 부위에 장착되어 있기 때문입니다. 그 결과, 운전자들은

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Skip to content Inside Berkshire's $397 Billion Bet Against an Overheated Market Tim Tolka July 13, 2026 Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Berkshire Hathaway just reported a record $397.4 billion in cash and T-bills, 59% of its investable portfolio. After fourteen straight quarters of net equity selling, a streak that has continued unbroken under new CEO Greg Abel , what does the nearly $400 billion in cash signal? If one is to take Warren Buffett at his word, Berkshire is just waiting in the wings for a good deal. But he’s also never been known to publicly predict market corrections, never mind a crash, so one is left having to read between the lines. How High Is Too High? One such line reading bears Buffett’s name. The Buffett Indicator , a ratio that measures the market cap of the entire stock market against the GDP of the United States, has hit a record of ~232%. Historically, anything above  ~120% is a signal of the market being overvalued.  Skeptics of the Buffett Indicator will point to money in foreign markets not included in the ratio as a reason for the disparity. That might be true to an extent. However, another metric is also flashing warning signals. The Shiller P/E , or the CAPE ratio, has breached 40% for only the second time since 1929.  The CAPE ratio (Cyclically Adjusted Price-to-Earnings ratio), divides the price index (say of the S&P 500), by the average inflation-adjusted earnings over the past ten years. The ten-year period, intentionally long, is meant to mitigate momentary peaks and valleys and give investors an accurate appraisal of whether the market is overvalued or undervalued. On average, the Shiller P/E ratio sits around 17%, dipping down to 10% during a recession, or surging to 44.19% at the peak of the dot-com bubble. It recently reached 41.33%.  Is Berkshire Playing it Too Safe?   Beyond the Buffett Indicator and the Shiller P/E, both of which serve as barometers for the broader economy, what can be gleaned from Berkshire Hathaway’s core business to also explain its nearly $400 billion war chest?  Unlike the Magnificent 7 stocks, which remain ascendant, Berkshire Hathaway’s B shares are down 1.8% year-to-date. Berkshire is historically skittish about putting too much capital into tech, and might be suffering the consequences during tech’s historic bull run. That being said, Berkshire is not completely sitting on the sidelines either.  It continues to be a large investor in Apple (AAPL) and has also invested $30 billion in Alphabet , deepening its bet on artificial intelligence. However, considering the immense capex being spent on AI, these investments might appear insignificant to investors.  Beyond Berkshire’s equity investments, the conglomerate is also seeing pressure from some of its core businesses, namely its insurance wing. Berkshire’s insurance division, which includes auto insurer Geico , is arguably the cornerstone of Berkshire Hathaway.  The insurance division accou n ts for 28% of revenue and 48% of Berkshire’s pre-tax earnings. Additionally, the immense pool of customer premiums acts as an interest-free loan, which Berkshire can then invest in equity markets. However, the insurance industry across the country has hit a rough patch. Profits are down due to more expensive claims and rising premiums, brought on by extreme weather, tariffs , and changes in the way cars are manufactured.  When a Fender Bender Costs a Fortune In the case of auto insurance, claims have skyrocketed in the past few years. According to LexisNexis Risk Solutions , a global data and analytics company, “ Since 2020, bodily injury severity has risen 20%, while severity for all material damage coverages has increased 47% .” Modern cars are increasingly more expensive to fix. Costly cameras and sensors are placed on vehicles in vulnerable areas that are often damaged in accidents. Drivers, as a result, are often underinsured and unable to cover the costs. Additionally, foreign-made parts have become more expensive due to supply constraints, also ratcheting up the price of claims. Given these pressures, Berkshire is working with a reduced pool of money coming in from insurance premiums. Given the uncertainty surrounding the insurance industry, Berkshire might be choosing to sit on its money pile until its insurance division, typically a key profit engine, gets retooled.  The Oracle of Omaha Steps Down Perhaps the biggest factor contributing to Berkshire’s slumping stock is Warren Buffett’s departure as CEO. “ The Buffett Premium ,” the valuation boost investors paid for Berkshire stock based on Buffett’s superhuman capital allocation skills, has historically contributed to the corporation’s high-flying stock price.  That being so, since Buffett announced he was stepping down as CEO, the stock has declined. New CEO Greg Abel hasn’t been at the job for even a year. And although his managerial approach has been similar to Buffett’s, he doesn’t enjoy the mystique of the Oracle of Omaha, and in turn hasn’t been given the benefit of the doubt by investors.  Instead, investors continue to shift toward momentum-driven AI stocks. But those market warning signals like the Buffett Indicator are still present. If a major selloff occurs, Berkshire’s decision to park $397.4 billion in cash might seem like a stroke of genius.  Betting on the Next Crisis In the fallout from the 2008 financial crisis, Warren Buffett bought $5 billion of Goldman Sachs stock and made 75% on it. In the event of a market selloff, Berkshire Hathaway will again be positioned to buy while there’s blood in the water.  Buffett built his reputation buying when everyone else was selling. Abel now has to prove he can do the same, without the mystique that made investors take Buffett’s patience on faith. The Buffett Indicator, the Shiller P/E, and Berkshire’s own retreat from the market all point in the same direction: stocks are expensive, and the smartest money in the room is waiting.  Whether that wait ends in vindication or irrelevance depends on a crash that hasn’t happened yet. Until it does, Berkshire holds the cash, and the market holds its breath. Author: Tim Tolka , Senior Reporter #Crypto # Blockchain #DigitalAssets # DeFi The editorial team at #DisruptionBanking has taken all precautions to ensure that no persons or organizations have been adversely affected or offered any sort of financial advice in this article. This article is most definitely not financial advice. See Also: Should the Magnificent Seven Form Part of Your Portfolio in 2025? | Disruption Banking Tweet Share Share Capital Markets , News Leave a Reply Cancel reply Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked * Comment * Name * Email * Website Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. The reCAPTCHA verification period has expired. Please reload the page. 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